Ribosomes are composed of two subunits, the small and large subunits, each containing specific rRNA molecules. The main types of rRNA include: Small Subunit rRNA: In prokaryotes, the small subunit ...

This article explores how challenges such as sequence optimization, immune activation and off-target effects are being addressed to enhance the safety, durability and efficacy of RNA therapeutics.

The natural RNAi mechanism can be directed by either short interfering RNA (siRNA) or microRNA (miRNA). 1 There are four key steps in the RNAi pathway. When miRNA acts as the guide for RNAi, only a ...

RNA in cells performs an astounding number of functions. Messenger RNA carries the sequences of active genes to cellular machinery that turns it into proteins. And transfer RNA molecules are an ...

The origin of life continues to remain a matter of debate. The ribonucleic acid (RNA) world hypothesis proposes that 'ribozymes' which store genetic information and possess catalytic functions may ...

All starting from the same DNA, neurons ultimately take on individual characteristics in the brain and body. Differences in ...

A research team at Florida State University's Institute of Molecular Biophysics and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry ...

Mutations in a single gene, HNF1A, are known to cause MODY3, a rare, early-onset form of diabetes. Smaller-scale mutations in the very same gene are also common and quietly nudge millions of people ...

Nucleic acids are complex biological molecules that store and transmit genetic information in all living organisms. They are essential for the survival and reproduction of life on Earth. The two main ...

Researchers at the Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP) in Brazil have discovered that SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes ...