A proton isn't just three quarks and gluons, but a sea of dense particles and antiparticles inside. The more precisely we look at a proton and the greater the energies that we perform deep inelastic ...

Question: when is a strong force not a strong force? Answer: when it’s anywhere outside the atomic nucleus. That at least is the case with the strong nuclear force, one of four fundamental forces of ...

We dive into the weird world of quantum chromodynamics and the strong force. Quantum mechanics gets weirder as you go to smaller sizes and higher energies. It’s strange enough for atoms, but ...