The classic probability experiment known as Buffon’s needle produces a statistical estimate of the value of pi, the ratio of a circle’s circumference to its diameter. The idea of estimating pi by ...

The Red & Black is a 501c3 nonprofit. Please consider a one-time gift or become a monthly supporter. Cancel anytime. The natural world is full of mathematical problems. Many of them fit neatly into ...

Here's a question. Suppose you have a hardwood floor and you have toothpicks of length equal to the width of one of the boards. If you drop the toothpick on the floor, what is the probability that it ...

THE approach to probability adopted in this book is conventional, but cautious. The two definitions, the one a priori, based on equally likely aspects of a system, the second a posteriori, based on ...